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(Model.)

A. EKL, v. SKALA, A. HoYDAYsvM. CIZEK. VPBRMUTATI01\I PADLooK. 'Y

v.Pagente'd Nov. 13. 1883,.

y UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

MARTIN Af EKL, VENZL SKALA, ANTON HOYDA, AND MARTIN OIZEK, OF

' ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

PERMUTATION-PADLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,559, dated November 13, 1883.

Application filed March 16, 1883. (Model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, MARTIN A. EKL, VENZL SKALA, ANTON HOYDA, and MARTIN GIZEK, all `of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Combination-Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the aecompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

Our improvement applies to that form of lock in which the tumblers surround an axle into which the catclrpin fits, the tumblers being operated by direct contact of the hand.

Our invention is set forth in the description and claim.

In the drawings. Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view'of our improvement applied to a padlock. Fig. 2 is a transverse view of the lock at 2 3, Fig. l, showing the parts in locked position. Fig. 3 is a similar section, except that the parts are in the unlocked position. Figs. 4 and 7 are perspective views of the two outer tumbler-rings. Fig. 6 is a perspective view Vof the central tumbler-ring. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the locking key or pin.

A and B are the two side bars, hinged together at O. The lower ends of the bars are bent toward each other. The end D of the bar A is tubular, and carries two collars, E and F, that constitute the bearings upon which turn the two side 'tumbler-rings G and H. The tumblers G and H are made with annular recesses g and h, fitting the collars E and F. The middle tumbler, I, has bearing on the tumbler-s G and H, in the saine manner that these tnmblers have bearings on the collars, the tumbler I having side recesses, t', in which the inner ends of the side tumblers lit. The tumblers have transverse lines upon their peripheries that are marked With numbers to give means for the arrangement of the tumblers in the proper position for the unlocking of the parts. The endD has an axial socket, D', to receive the catch-pin J, forming the end of the bar B. At one side of the tubular end D is an aperture or key-hole, d, in which nts a pin or key-block, K, that in its inner position (see Figs. l and 2)enters a recess, j, in the pin J, and serves to lock the pin J in the socket D. The key K is held in the locked position by the tumb1er-rings,'except when al1 the rings are in such a position that the head K of the pin K can move outward into recesses in the tumblers, and thus its point is withdrawn from the recess j in the pin. In this case the pin J can be drawn out of the socket D. The-recesses in the tumblers are shown at g', 71X, and i, each tumbler having a single recess. It will be seen that the key K is loose and acts by gravity when taking 'its locking and unlocking positions, and consequentlpr the lock must be held in the proper position, even after the tumblers have been properly arranged, to allow either the locking or unlocking ofthe device, for the orices d and j must be held at bottom to allow the key to fallout of recess j and unlock, and, on the other hand, these orifices must be held upward, and the lock thus inverted to allow thekey to fall into the locking position. In addition to knowing which side to hold downward, it is necessary, to enable the unlocking, that the person shall know the combination of numbers in the disks, indicating when all the recesses g h z" are in line.

The manipulation is as follows: The tumblers are all turned into the proper relative position to bring all the recesses y h t" in line. Then the recesses are turned in line with the key K and the lock turned so that the recesses and key are upon the lower side.

Then on tapping the lock the key falls into the recesses and the catch-pin may be drawn out. Reverse movements are made to lock the device.

We have shown the device with three tumblers, but it is obvious that it is not confined to the use of only three, for the same princi7 ple may be carried out with a greater number. At L are shown recesses made in the tumblers to balance them by counteracting the eifect of the recesses g, h', and t" upon the other sides.

We claim as our invention- The combination of a lockingpin, J, with' 

